Plant of the week: Asarabacca

 

Name: Asarabacca (Asarum Europaeum)

Otherwise known as: Hazelwort, Wild Ginger

Habitat: A low level perennial member of the Aristolochiaceae family growing up to 10cm in moist, shady woodland in Europe and the Caucasus. The plant has deep green, smooth, kidney-shaped leaves on very short stalks and produces a three-segmented bell- shaped flower that has a buff coloured exterior and a purple centre. All parts of the plant are poisonous.

What does it do: Asarabacca was known to the ancients and was recommended by Dioscorides to induce vomiting in cases of food and alcohol poisoning; it is claimed that that drunken French farmers still use it for this purpose. The plant contains ethereal and volatile oils Asarone, Asaron Camphor and Aristolochic acid, supposed to possess anti-tumour properties. In Europe the leaves were dried and powdered into a snuff and would then be administered to those suffering from severe headaches and weak eyes; the toxins in the plant induce excessive sneezing and expectoration of nasal mucus, which can go on for hours; perhaps the headache was preferable. Culpepper states: ‘This herb, being drunk not only provoketh the vomiting but is mightily powerful in purging downwards… it doth purge the obstructions of the liver and spleen and is profitable for the dropsy and jaundice.’ Gerard suggested that ignorant people forbear from use of the leaves, but claimed the roots purged more gently. Medieval herbalists used Asarabacca to treat cancers, fistulas and old putrefied ulcers. Modern herbalists believe the plant is anti-asthmatic and an immune stimulant.

A related species, A. canadense, was employed by the native Americans in the treatment of colds, flu, cramps and sore throats; they also believed it was a contraceptive.

 

 

Next dangerous plant            Hydrangea

 

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